Your comments

+1.

I've become addicted to ColorfulTabs For Firefox (http://www.binaryturf.com/free-software/colorfultabs-for-firefox/) and would find similar behaviour hella useful for grouping lots of open files.

I would suggest having a default colour for unsaved temp files (ie., those not backed by a filename) and for dirty files (those backed by a file but with unsaved changes). Then let users easily change tab colours to group them into functional collections. Prefer the idea of picking from one of 9 colours than the ColorfulTabs approach where you're forever clicking, tabbing, and typing in colour names or RGB values.

Faster to use = better ease of use.